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| Dendrobium | ||||||||||||||||||
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 Dendrobium lindleyi | ||||||||||||||||||
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1190 species; |
Dendrobium, abbreviated as Den in horticultural trade, is a large genus of tropical orchids that consists of about 1200 species. The genus occurs in diverse habitats throughout much of south, east and southeast Asia, including the Philippines, Borneo, Australia, New Guinea and New Zealand. The name is from the Greek dendron (meaning tree) and bios (meaning life).
The species are either epiphytic, growing on a tree, or occasionally lithophytic, growing over a rock. They have adapted to a wide variety of habitats, from the high altitudes in the Himalayan mountains to lowland tropical forests and even to the dry climate of the Australian desert.
The orchids in this genus often develop pseudobulbs, which unite into a long reedlike stem with a typical length of more than 30 cm. Some appear densely covered with short white hairs. The short, ovate leaves grow alternately over the whole length of the stems. The axillary flower buds develop into short flower stalks with one or two terminal flowers. The orchids grow quickly throughout summer, but take a long rest during winter. In the spring, new shoots are formed from the base of the main plant and the dormant buds come back into action. The blooming flowers are found on pseudobulbs formed in the previous year.
Some species are in great demand by orchid lovers. This has resulted in numerous varieties and hybrids, such as the Dendrobium nobile varieties, which have greatly extended the range of colors of the original flower from the Himalayas.
Kimilsungia, one of the national flowers of North Korea, is the cultivar Dendrobium \'Kim il Sung\'.
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In 1981, Briegar reclassified all terete leaved Dendrobiums from Australia and New Guinea into a new genus, Dockrillia.
The sole New Zealand representative, Dendrobium cunninghamii has now been moved into a monotypic genus, Winika.
In 1989, Clements upgraded D. speciosum complex into individual species Clements MA (1989) Catalogue of Australian Orchidaceae. Australian Orchid Research 1: 1–62.
Cooktown orchids Dendrobium bigibbum |
Dendrobium delacourii |
Dendrobium x delicatum (a natural hybrid) |
Dendrobium densiflorum |
Dendrobium densiflorum x farmeri pink (a hybrid) |
Dendrobium fuerstenbergianum |
Dendrobium hercoglossum |
Dendrobium kingianum |
Dendrobium Mini Brown (a man-made hybrid) |
Dendrobium nobile |
Dendrobium parishii |
Dendrobium unicum |
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Painting of a typical Dendrobium, by I. V. Passmoore; probably the hybrid Dendrobium Lucky Seven |
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